{"id":5032,"date":"2016-12-26T15:33:54","date_gmt":"2016-12-26T13:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\/"},"modified":"2023-01-11T14:32:35","modified_gmt":"2023-01-11T12:32:35","slug":"cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\/","title":{"rendered":"Cristei de balta (Rallus aquaticus)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cristeiul de balta ocup\u0103 zone umede cu ape dulci sau salmastre, st\u0103t\u0103toare sau u\u0219or curg\u0103toare cu vegeta\u021bie dens\u0103. Partea de sus a corpului este stacojie cu dungi negre, fa\u021ba \u0219i partea de jos a corpului este gri-alb\u0103struie cu bare albe \u0219i negre pe flancuri \u0219i subcodalele sunt albe \u0219i dungate. Ciocul lung \u0219i ochii sunt ro\u0219iatici, iar picioarele sunt roz. Sexele sunt similare cu toate c\u0103 femela este mai mic\u0103. Lungimea corpului este de 23-26 cm, anvergura aripilor de 40-43 cm, greutatea medie a corpului de 140 g (mascul) \u0219i 110 g (femel\u0103). Se hr\u0103ne\u0219te cu nevertebrate terestre \u0219i acvatice, amfibieni mici, pe\u0219ti, p\u0103s\u0103ri \u0219i mamifere \u0219i uneori material vegetal. Longevitatea maxim\u0103 cunoscut\u0103 \u00een libertate este de 8 ani.
\n
\nLoca\u021bie \u0219i comportament<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cuib\u0103re\u0219te pe tot cuprinsul continentului european. Popula\u021biile nordice \u0219i estice migreaz\u0103 \u00een sudul Europei \u0219i nordul Africii pentru iernare, p\u0103r\u0103sind teritoriile de cuib\u0103rire \u00een septembrie-octombrie revenind \u00een martie-aprilie. Specie retras\u0103, se hr\u0103ne\u0219te \u00een vegeta\u021bie dens\u0103, dar se poate hr\u0103ni \u00een zone deschise atunci c\u00e2nd hrana este greu de g\u0103sit. Specie diurn\u0103, poate fi auzit\u0103 \u0219i pe timp de noapte \u00een sezonul de cuib\u0103rit. Reproducerea \u00eencepe la v\u00e2rsta de un an. \u00cemperecherea monogam\u0103 dureaz\u0103 doar un sezon. Masculii stabilesc o zon\u0103 de cuib\u0103rit \u0219i o prezint\u0103 femelei \u00een timp ce \u00ee\u0219i arcuie\u0219te aripile, r\u0103sfir\u0103 coada \u0219i pozi\u021bioneaz\u0103 ciocul spre sol. Perechile se cheam\u0103 unul pe altul de-a lungul \u00eentregului sezon de reproducere pentru \u00eent\u0103rirea \u00eemperecherii. Un singur cuib este construit pe ap\u0103.
\n
\nPopula\u021bia<\/strong>
\nPopula\u021bia cuib\u0103ritoare european\u0103 este mare de 140.000-360.000 de perechi. Unele popula\u021bii au suferti un declin \u00een perioada 1990-2000 cu toate c\u0103 \u00een multe regiuni ale Europei specia este stabil\u0103 \u00een aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cuib\u0103rit<\/strong>
\nOu\u0103le sunt depuse \u00een lunile martie-iunie \u00een func\u021bie de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire. Ambii p\u0103rin\u021bi clocesc 6-11 ou\u0103 pentru 19-22 zile cu toate c\u0103 majoritatea clocirii este efectuat\u0103 de femel\u0103. Dimensiunea medie a oului este de 36×26 mm. Ambele sexe hr\u0103nesc puii, care devin independen\u021bi p\u00e2n\u0103 la dezvoltarea penajului, respectiv la 20-30 zile de la eclozare. Perechile adeseori cresc dou\u0103 genera\u021bii \u00eentr-un sezon.<\/p>\n

Amenin\u021b\u0103ri \u0219i conservare<\/strong>
\nZonele stufizate \u0219i habitatele umede sunt amenin\u021bate de drenare, dezvoltare urban\u0103 \u0219i poluare. \u00cen plus, popula\u021biile insulare sunt amenin\u021bate de introducerea pr\u0103d\u0103torilor. \u00cen unele zone programele de eradicare ale nurcilor \u0219i copoilor au adus beneficii speciei, precum \u0219i practicile de management al zonelor cu stuf.<\/p>\n

foto: Mihai Baciu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cristeiul de balta ocup\u0103 zone umede cu ape dulci sau salmastre, st\u0103t\u0103toare sau u\u0219or curg\u0103toare cu vegeta\u021bie dens\u0103. Partea de sus a corpului este stacojie cu dungi negre, fa\u021ba \u0219i partea de jos a corpului este gri-alb\u0103struie cu bare albe \u0219i negre pe flancuri \u0219i subcodalele sunt albe \u0219i dungate. Ciocul lung \u0219i ochii sunt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5033,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"birdwatching":[],"class_list":["post-5032","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCristei de balta (Rallus aquaticus) - wild travel in Delta Dunarii<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cristeiul de balta ocup\u0103 zone umede cu ape dulci sau salmastre, st\u0103t\u0103toare sau u\u0219or curg\u0103toare cu vegeta\u021bie dens\u0103\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cristei de balta (Rallus aquaticus) - wild travel in Delta Dunarii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cristeiul de balta ocup\u0103 zone umede cu ape dulci sau salmastre, st\u0103t\u0103toare sau u\u0219or curg\u0103toare cu vegeta\u021bie dens\u0103\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"wild travel in Delta Dunarii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/wildtravel.ro\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-01-11T12:32:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/aa_9.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Timp estimat pentru citire\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wildtravel.ro\\\/ro\\\/bird\\\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wildtravel.ro\\\/ro\\\/bird\\\/cristei-de-balta-rallus-aquaticus\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cristei de balta (Rallus aquaticus) - 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