{"id":3583,"date":"2014-01-20T09:27:44","date_gmt":"2014-01-20T07:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/pescaras-vanat-alcedo-atthis\/"},"modified":"2023-02-13T23:59:13","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T21:59:13","slug":"pescaras-vanat-alcedo-atthis","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/pescaras-vanat-alcedo-atthis\/","title":{"rendered":"Pescaras vanat (Alcedo atthis)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pescarasul albastru este caracteristic zonelor umede, reprezentate de r\u00e2uri, canale, lacuri cu ap\u0103 dulce \u0219i zonelor de coasta cu ap\u0103 salmastr\u0103. Lungimea corpului este de 17 \u2013 19,5 cm \u0219i o greutate de 34 \u2013 46 g. Anvergur\u0103 aripilor este de circa 24 \u2013 28 cm. Adul\u021b\u00eei au \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219are similar\u0103, cu o singur\u0103 excep\u021bie, femela av\u00e2nd o pat\u0103 ro\u0219ie la baza mandibulei. Penajul de pe spate, apare \u00een func\u021bie de direc\u021bia razelor de lumina, albastru sau verde str\u0103lucitor, fiind o apari\u021bie ce impresioneaz\u0103. Pe piept \u0219i abdomen este portocaliu \u2013 ro\u0219iatic. Se hr\u0103ne\u0219te cu peste \u0219i nevertebrate. Longevitatea maxim\u0103 cunoscut\u0103 \u00een s\u0103lb\u0103ticie este de 21 de ani, \u00eens\u0103 doar un sfert dintre adul\u021bi, tr\u0103iesc mai mult de un sezon.<\/p>\n

Localizare \u0219i comportament\"\"<\/strong>
\nEste o specie prezen\u021ba \u00een cea mai mare parte a continentului european. Este prezen\u021ba acolo unde ap\u0103 este curat\u0103 \u0219i asigura o vizibilitate bun\u0103 asupra pe\u0219tilor, fiind o specie indicatoare a calit\u0103\u021b\u00eei apei. V\u00e2neaz\u0103 stand pe ramurile tufi\u0219urilor sau a copacilor ce at\u00e2rn\u0103 deasupra apei \u0219i plonjeaz\u0103 \u00een ap\u0103 prinz\u00e2ndu-\u0219i prad\u0103, sau zboar\u0103 la distan\u021b\u0103 mic\u0103 deasupra apei. Este monogama \u0219i teritorial\u0103, necesit\u0103 un aport de hran\u0103 zilnic, echivalent cu 60 % din greutatea s\u0103, ceea ce implic\u0103 controlul unui teritoriu de 1 \u2013 3,5 km de-a lungul cursului apei. Ritualul nup\u021bial este ini\u021biat de masculul care urm\u0103re\u0219te femela \u0219i c\u0103reia ii ofer\u0103 hran\u0103. Cuib\u0103re\u0219te \u00een malul r\u00e2urilor, unde perechea excaveaza un tunel lung de 60 \u2013 90 cm, ce se termin\u0103 cu o camera rotund\u0103. Ierneaz\u0103 \u00een Africa, la sud de Sahara.<\/p>\n

Popula\u021bie<\/strong>
\nPopula\u021bia european\u0103 este relativ mic\u0103 \u0219i cuprins\u0103 \u00eentre 79 000 \u2013 160 000 perechi. A \u00eenregistrat un declin moderat \u00een perioada 1970 \u2013 1990. De\u0219i popula\u021bia s-a men\u021binut fluctuant\u0103 sau chiar \u00een cre\u0219tere \u00een perioada 1990 \u2013 2000, \u00eenc\u0103 nu a recuperat declinul \u00eenregistrat anterior. Popula\u021bia estimat\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia este de 12 000 \u2013 15 000 perechi, efective mai mari fiind numai \u00een Rusia \u0219i Fran\u021ba.<\/p>\n

\u00cemperechere <\/strong>
\nSose\u0219te din cartierele de iernare, \u00een a dou\u0103 parte a lunii martie. Femela depune \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit 6 \u2013 7 ou\u0103, \u00een lunile aprilie \u0219i mai, cu o dimensiune medie de 22 x 19 mm \u0219i o greutate medie de 4,3 g. Incuba\u021bia dureaz\u0103 \u00een jur de 19 \u2013 21 de zile \u0219i este asigurat\u0103 de ambii parteneri \u00een timpul zilei \u0219i de c\u0103tre femela \u00een timpul nop\u021bii. Puii r\u0103m\u00e2n \u00een cuib 24 \u2013 27 de zile \u0219i pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce cresc, vin la marginea tunelului pentru a fi hr\u0103ni\u021bi. Pot depune 2 sau chiar 3 ponte \u00eentr-un sezon.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Amenin\u021b\u0103ri \u0219i m\u0103suri de conservare<\/strong>
\nDegradarea habitatelor \u0219i amenajarea malurilor r\u00e2urilor duc la pierderea locurile de cuib\u0103rit. Iernile severe c\u00e2nd apele r\u00e2urilor \u00eenghe\u021ba determina mortalit\u0103\u021bi mari la aceast\u0103 specie deoarece nu se poate hr\u0103ni. Inunda\u021biile care apar prim\u0103var\u0103 pot distruge cuiburile sau reduc posibilitatea de hr\u0103nire a puilor. Amenajarea de pere\u021bi verticali de p\u0103m\u00e2nt pe malurile r\u00e2urilor, contribuie la cre\u0219terea teritoriilor favorabile pentru cuib\u0103rit.<\/p>\n

Etimologie<\/strong>
\nalcedo\/Alcyon \u2013 lat. pescaras albastru (mit. Alcyon, fiica lui Eolus, a fost transformat\u0103 \u00een pesc\u0103ru\u0219 albastru de c\u0103tre so\u021bul ei, Ceyx)
\natthis \u2013 probabil de la Attis, divinitate frigian\u0103 a vegeta\u021biei.<\/p>\n

foto: Mihai Baciu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pescarasul albastru este caracteristic zonelor umede, reprezentate de r\u00e2uri, canale, lacuri cu ap\u0103 dulce \u0219i zonelor de coasta cu ap\u0103 salmastr\u0103. Lungimea corpului este de 17 \u2013 19,5 cm \u0219i o greutate de 34 \u2013 46 g. Anvergur\u0103 aripilor este de circa 24 \u2013 28 cm. Adul\u021b\u00eei au \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219are similar\u0103, cu o singur\u0103 excep\u021bie, femela […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":37188,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"birdwatching":[],"class_list":["post-3583","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPescaras vanat (Alcedo atthis) - wild travel in Delta Dunarii<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pescarasul albastru este caracteristic zonelor umede, reprezentate de rauri, canale, lacuri cu apa dulce si zo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/pescaras-vanat-alcedo-atthis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pescaras vanat (Alcedo atthis) - 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