{"id":1535,"date":"2012-07-04T10:44:12","date_gmt":"2012-07-04T08:44:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/lastunul-delichon-urbicum\/"},"modified":"2023-01-11T17:13:32","modified_gmt":"2023-01-11T15:13:32","slug":"lastunul-delichon-urbicum","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/lastunul-delichon-urbicum\/","title":{"rendered":"Lastunul (Delichon urbicum)"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u0103stunul de cas\u0103<\/strong> (Delichon urbicum<\/em>; numit \u0219i l\u0103stun-de-fereastr\u0103<\/strong> sau pur \u0219i simplu l\u0103stun<\/strong>) este o pas\u0103re mic\u0103 din familia r\u00e2ndunicilor, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een Europa, Africa de nord \u0219i \u00een zonele temperate ale Asiei. Ca \u0219i porumbelul de st\u00e2nc\u0103, odinioar\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lnit numai \u00een locurile st\u00e2ncoase, l\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 s-a adaptat rapid la condi\u021biile urbane de via\u021b\u0103. Este o specie migratoare, iern\u00e2nd \u00een centrul Africii \u0219i \u00een Asia tropical\u0103. Se grupeaz\u0103 \u00een stoluri, popul\u00e2nd ora\u0219ele cu construc\u021bii din piatr\u0103; deseori pot fi v\u0103zu\u021bi pe cablurile de tensiune electric\u0103. Se hr\u0103nesc cu insecte zbur\u0103toare pe care le prind \u00een aer. \u00centrunesc anumite tr\u0103s\u0103turi comune cu alte dou\u0103\u00a0specii de l\u0103stuni \u2014 estic \u0219i nepalez \u2014 care populeaz\u0103 Asia de sud \u0219i de sud-est.<\/p>\n

At\u00e2t denumirea popular\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i cea \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 sunt legate de faptul c\u0103 utilizeaz\u0103 structurile antropice. L\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 construie\u0219te un cuib \u00een form\u0103 de cup\u0103 din granule de noroi sub stre\u0219ini sau \u00een preajma altor structuri similare, de obicei \u00een colonii.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pas\u0103rea este v\u00e2nat\u0103 de \u0219oimul r\u00e2ndunelelor (Falco subbuteo<\/em>) \u0219i este afectat\u0103, ca \u0219i alte p\u0103s\u0103ri, de parazi\u021bi interni, precum \u0219i de p\u0103duchi \u0219i purici, dar popula\u021bia mare \u0219i arealul larg de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndire o \u021bin departe de pericolul dispari\u021biei. Apropierea de om a dus la unele referiri culturale.<\/p>\n

Cuiburile se afl\u0103, de obicei, sub un anumit acoper\u0103m\u00e2nt (acoperi\u0219, pervazul ferestrelor, diferite acareturi). Sunt cazuri \u00een care familia de l\u0103stuni \u00ee\u0219i face cuib pe o nav\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 ei nu bag\u0103 de seam\u0103 mi\u0219carea vasului \u0219i sunt indiferen\u021bi la aten\u021bia pasagerilor.Unul \u0219i acela\u0219i cuib poate servi o familie ani de-a r\u00e2ndul, cu ad\u0103ugirile \u0219i repara\u021biile de rigoare. L\u0103stunii de cas\u0103 se adun\u0103 \u00een colonii de p\u00e2n\u0103 la c\u00e2teva zeci de indivizi, uneori acest num\u0103r atinge cifra de c\u00e2teva sute de perechi. \u00cen aceste colonii mai pot intra \u0219i l\u0103stuni de mal, r\u00e2ndunici ro\u0219cate. Deseori pot fi observate mai multe cuiburi pe acela\u0219i perete, adic\u0103 mai multe familii convie\u021buind \u00eempreun\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cel mai mare pericol pentru l\u0103stuni \u00eel prezint\u0103 \u0219oimii r\u00e2ndunelelor, la fel de rapid ca \u0219i ei, care captureaz\u0103 prada \u00een aer. L\u0103stunii reu\u0219esc \u00eens\u0103 s\u0103 scape u\u0219or de al\u021bi urm\u0103ritori, datorit\u0103 abilit\u0103\u021bilor lor \u00een ale zborului. Ei sunt mai vulnerabili pe malul apei, c\u00e2nd \u00ee\u0219i gr\u0103m\u0103desc buc\u0103\u021bi de p\u0103m\u00e2nt pentru construc\u021bia cuibului. Pentru orice eventualitate, l\u0103stunii \u00een astfel de momente lucreaz\u0103 \u00een grup.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 opinia speciali\u0219tilor, William Shakespeare aminte\u0219te \u00een tragedia Macbeth anume l\u0103stunul de cas\u0103, atunci c\u00e2nd conduc\u0103torul de o\u0219ti Banquo descrie castelul, adres\u00e2ndu-se c\u0103tre regele Duncan (act\u00a0I, scena\u00a0VI):<\/p>\n

foto: Mihai Baciu<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
\"Cquote2.svg\"<\/td>\nAcest oaspe<\/p>\n

Al verilor, de temple g\u0103zduit,
\nL\u0103stunul, cu-al s\u0103u ginga\u0219 cuib ne-arat\u0103
\nC\u0103 r\u0103suflarea cerului \u00ee\u0219i las\u0103
\nDe drag mireasma ei pe-aceste locuri.
\nC\u0103 nu-i ungher, nici strea\u0219in\u0103, nici bolt\u0103,
\nS\u0103 nu-\u0219i at\u00e2rne-aceast\u0103 zbur\u0103toare
\nCulcu\u0219ul ei \u0219i leag\u0103nul cel spornic.
\nAm luat aminte c\u0103 acolo unde
\n\u0218i-alege a\u0219ezarea \u0219i-i prie\u0219te
\nE aerul mai molcom.
\n(Traducere de Ion Vinea<\/small>)<\/td>\n

\"Cquote2.svg\" \u2014 ‘<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\nThis guest of summer,
\nThe temple-haunting martlet, does approve
\nBy his loved mansionry that the heaven’s breath
\nSmells wooingly here. No jutty, frieze,
\nButtress, nor coign of vantage, but this bird
\nHath made his pendant bed and procreant cradle;
\nWhere they most breed and haunt, I have observed
\nThe air is delicate.
\n(Versiune original\u0103<\/small>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 (Delichon urbicum; numit \u0219i l\u0103stun-de-fereastr\u0103 sau pur \u0219i simplu l\u0103stun) este o pas\u0103re mic\u0103 din familia r\u00e2ndunicilor, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 \u00een Europa, Africa de nord \u0219i \u00een zonele temperate ale Asiei. Ca \u0219i porumbelul de st\u00e2nc\u0103, odinioar\u0103 \u00eent\u00e2lnit numai \u00een locurile st\u00e2ncoase, l\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 s-a adaptat rapid la condi\u021biile urbane de via\u021b\u0103. Este […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1536,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"birdwatching":[],"class_list":["post-1535","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLastunul (Delichon urbicum) - wild travel in Delta Dunarii<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 (Delichon urbicum; numit \u0219i l\u0103stun-de-fereastr\u0103 sau pur \u0219i simplu l\u0103stun) este o pas\u0103re mic\u0103\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/ro\/bird\/lastunul-delichon-urbicum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lastunul (Delichon urbicum) - wild travel in Delta Dunarii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u0103stunul de cas\u0103 (Delichon urbicum; 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