{"id":2052,"date":"2013-01-26T08:52:29","date_gmt":"2013-01-26T06:52:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/pie-grieche-ecorcheur-lanius-collurio\/"},"modified":"2023-01-10T00:08:39","modified_gmt":"2023-01-09T22:08:39","slug":"pie-grieche-ecorcheur-lanius-collurio","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/fr\/bird\/pie-grieche-ecorcheur-lanius-collurio\/","title":{"rendered":"Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur (Lanius collurio)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

La Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur<\/strong> (Lanius collurio<\/strong><\/em>) est une esp\u00e8ce de passereaux de la famille des Laniidae.<\/p>\n

M\u00e2le et femelle mesurent 18\u00a0cm<\/span> de longueur.<\/p>\n

La pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur poss\u00e8de un bec l\u00e9g\u00e8rement crochu. Le m\u00e2le a la t\u00eate et le croupion gris, un large bandeau oculaire noir, un dos marron roux, des ailes marron brun, un menton blanc et une poitrine ros\u00e9e. \"\"<\/p>\n

Elle tient son nom de sa technique de chasse. Elle accroche ses proies sur les \u00e9pines des buissons pour se faire des r\u00e9serves de nourriture.<\/p>\n

La pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur est bien r\u00e9pandue dans toute l’Eurasie occidentale.<\/p>\n

En France, l’esp\u00e8ce est pr\u00e9sente dans toutes les grandes r\u00e9gions d’\u00e9levage, sauf la Bretagne et le Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Elle \u00e9vite \u00e9galement la zone strictement m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne car c’est plut\u00f4t une esp\u00e8ce des climats temp\u00e9r\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

L’habitat de la pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur se caract\u00e9rise par des milieux ouverts de campagne cultiv\u00e9e (prairies de fauche, p\u00e2tures, talus enherb\u00e9s\u2026) parsem\u00e9s de haies ou bosquets, de zones ponctuelles de buissons \u00e9pineux ou de broussailles. Elle occupe notamment le prunellier, l’aub\u00e9pine et la ronce.<\/p>\n

La pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur chasse \u00e0 l’aff\u00fbt \u00e0 partir de perchoirs. Elle effectue parfois un vol stationnaire pour rep\u00e9rer et capturer ses proies. Son alimentation est constitu\u00e9e principalement d’insectes mais elle capture aussi des micromammif\u00e8res (campagnols, musaraignes) des grenouilles, des l\u00e9zards et de jeunes passereaux.<\/p>\n

La pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur chasse \u00e0 l’aff\u00fbt \u00e0 partir de perchoirs situ\u00e9s le plus souvent entre 1 et 3\u00a0m\u00e8tres<\/span> au-dessus du sol (poteaux, fils, branches mortes, piquets de cl\u00f4ture). Dans leur tr\u00e8s grande majorit\u00e9, les proies sont captur\u00e9es au sol. Toutefois, par beau temps, l’esp\u00e8ce peut poursuivre des insectes en vol.\"\"<\/p>\n

Cette pie-gri\u00e8che empale r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement ses proies, d’o\u00f9 le nom d’\u00ab\u00a0\u00e9corcheur\u00a0\u00bb. Il semble toutefois que cette pratique soit essentiellement le fait d’oiseaux vivant en milieu temp\u00e9r\u00e9 car ce comportement vise \u00e0 constituer des stocks de nourriture cens\u00e9s pond\u00e9rer l’abondance des proies et donc des captures en fonction des conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques.<\/p>\n

Dans certaines r\u00e9gions d\u2019Europe occidentale, les populations de Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur, apr\u00e8s avoir fortement r\u00e9gress\u00e9 au cours du troisi\u00e8me quart du XX<\/span>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle, se sont restaur\u00e9es dans les derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies. Les variations du climat auraient jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le crucial dans cette remarquable \u00e9volution.<\/p>\n

En France, 160\u00a0000 \u00e0 360\u00a0000 couples se reproduiraient. L’esp\u00e8ce est en forte r\u00e9gression au niveau national.<\/p>\n

La population europ\u00e9enne, quant \u00e0 elle, est estim\u00e9e \u00e0 environ 3 \u00e0 5 millions de couples.<\/p>\n

La Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur est une esp\u00e8ce bio-indicatrice (bio-indicateur) d’un milieu campagnard riche et diversifi\u00e9, avec des haies, des herbages et une entomofaune abondante. Sa disparition d’un site est souvent un signe d’appauvrissement de l’ensemble de l’\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me. L’esp\u00e8ce constitue ainsi une sentinelle de la qualit\u00e9 des milieux ruraux traditionnels.<\/p>\n

La Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie d’une protection totale sur le territoire fran\u00e7ais depuis l’arr\u00eat\u00e9 minist\u00e9riel du 17 avril 1981 relatif aux oiseaux prot\u00e9g\u00e9s sur l’ensemble du territoire. Il est donc interdit de la d\u00e9truire, la mutiler, la capturer ou l’enlever, de la perturber intentionnellement ou de la naturaliser, ainsi que de d\u00e9truire ou enlever les \u0153ufs et les nids, et de d\u00e9truire, alt\u00e9rer ou d\u00e9grader son milieu. Qu’elle soit vivante ou morte, il est aussi interdit de la transporter, colporter, de l’utiliser, de la d\u00e9tenir, de la vendre ou de l’acheter.<\/p>\n

\n

foto: Mihai Baciu<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur (Lanius collurio) est une esp\u00e8ce de passereaux de la famille des Laniidae. M\u00e2le et femelle mesurent 18\u00a0cm de longueur. La pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur poss\u00e8de un bec l\u00e9g\u00e8rement crochu. Le m\u00e2le a la t\u00eate et le croupion gris, un large bandeau oculaire noir, un dos marron roux, des ailes marron brun, un menton blanc […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":36428,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"birdwatching":[],"class_list":["post-2052","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur (Lanius collurio) - Voyage sauvage dans le delta du Danube<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur (Lanius collurio) est une esp\u00e8ce de passereaux de la famille des Laniidae.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/red-backed-shrike-lanius-collurio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pie-gri\u00e8che \u00e9corcheur (Lanius collurio) - 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