{"id":1328,"date":"2012-03-24T05:44:28","date_gmt":"2012-03-24T03:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/greylag-goose-anser-anser-2\/"},"modified":"2012-03-24T06:03:16","modified_gmt":"2012-03-24T04:03:16","slug":"greylag-goose-anser-anser-2","status":"publish","type":"bird","link":"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/de\/bird\/greylag-goose-anser-anser-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Greylag Goose (Anser anser)"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Greylag Goose<\/strong> (also spelled Graylag<\/strong> in the United States), Anser anser<\/em>, is a bird with a wide range in the Old World. It is the type species of the genus Anser<\/em>.<\/p>\n

It was in pre-Linnean times known as the Wild Goose<\/strong> („Anser ferus“). This species is the ancestor of domesticated geese in Europe and North America. Flocks of feral birds derived from domesticated birds are widespread.<\/p>\n

The Greylag Goose is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds<\/em> (AEWA) applies.<\/p>\n

Within science, the greylag goose is most notable as being the bird with which the ethologist Konrad Lorenz first did his major studying into the behavioural phenomenon of imprinting.<\/p>\n

The plumage of the Greylag Goose is greyish-brown, with a darker head and paler belly with variable black spots. Its plumage is patterned by the pale fringes of its feathers. It has a white line bordering its upper flanks. Its coverts are lightly coloured, contrasting with its darker flight feathers. Juveniles differ mostly in their lack of a black-speckled belly.<\/p>\n

It has a loud cackling call, HOOOOOONK!<\/em>, like the domestic goose.<\/p>\n

This species is found throughout the Old World, apparently breeding where suitable localities are to be found in many European countries, although it no longer breeds in southwestern Europe. Eastwards it extends across Asia to China. In North America there are both feral domestic geese, which are similar to greylags, and occasional vagrants.<\/p>\n

In Great Britain their numbers have declined as a breeding bird, retreating north to breed wild only in the Outer Hebrides and the northern mainland of Scotland. However during the 20th century, feral populations have been established elsewhere, and they have now re-colonised much of England. The breeding habitat is a variety of wetlands including marshes, lakes, and damp heather moors.<\/p>\n

In Norway, the number of greylag geese is estimated to have increased three- to fivefold during the last 15\u201320 years. As a consequence, farmers‘ problems caused by goose grazing on farmland has increased considerably. This problem is also evident for the pink-footed goose.<\/p>\n

Behaviour<\/h2>\n

The geese are migratory, moving south or west in winter, but Scottish breeders, some other populations in northwestern Europe, and feral flocks are largely resident. This species is one of the last to migrate, and the „lag<\/a>“ portion of its name is said to derive from this lagging behind other geese.<\/p>\n

F\u00fcr gew\u00f6hnlich zeigen Graug\u00e4nse eine gro\u00dfe Partnertreue, verpaaren sich jedoch bei Verlust des Partners neu. Die Brut beginnt je nach Standort Mitte M\u00e4rz bis Ende April. Der Niststandort befindet sich bevorzugt auf Inseln in S\u00fc\u00dfwassergew\u00e4ssern, in Sumpf- und Marschland, am Ufer von Seen oder langsam flie\u00dfenden Fl\u00fcssen. Sie br\u00fcten in einem sehr lockeren Kolonienverbund, bei dem zwischen den einzelnen Nestern ein gr\u00f6\u00dferer Abstand besteht.<\/p>\n

Zum Br\u00fcten bauen sie flache Nestmulden. Nur in sehr feuchten Brutgebieten ist das Nest eine Anh\u00e4ufung von Sumpfpflanzen. Die eigentliche Nistmulde wird nur mit einer sehr d\u00fcnnen Schicht an Daunen ausgelegt. Diese Daunen sind klein, grau und in der Mitte etwas heller. Im S\u00fcden und S\u00fcdosten ihres Verbreitungsgebietes beginnt die Brutperiode in der Regel gegen Ende M\u00e4rz. In n\u00f6rdlicheren Verbreitungsgebieten fangen Graug\u00e4nse erst im sp\u00e4ten April mit der Eiablage an.<\/p>\n

Graug\u00e4nse haben nur ein Gelege pro Jahr. Wird dieses zerst\u00f6rt, kommt es zu keinem Nachgelege. Das Gelege besteht bei wilden Graug\u00e4nsen gew\u00f6hnlich aus vier bis sechs Eiern. Diese haben eine wei\u00dfe oder gelbliche Schale und eine fast ovale Form. Die Eiablage erfolgt gew\u00f6hnlich mit einem Legeabstand von etwas mehr als 24 Stunden.<\/p>\n

Es br\u00fctet allein das Weibchen. Die Bebr\u00fctung beginnt mit der Ablage des letzten Eis. Das M\u00e4nnchen h\u00e4lt sich w\u00e4hrend der Brutzeit in der N\u00e4he des Nestes auf. Nach etwa 27 bis 29 Tagen schl\u00fcpfen die Jungen, deren Aufzucht etwa 50 bis 60 Tage dauert. Die Schwingenmauser der Elterntiere liegt so, dass sie etwas sp\u00e4ter als die Jungtiere wieder flugf\u00e4hig werden, Die Jungtiere, die ihren Eltern folgen, haben es dadurch leichter, Flugman\u00f6ver zu lernen.<\/p>\n

Meist bleiben die Jungtiere bis zur n\u00e4chsten Brut mit den Elterntieren zusammen und sind auch sp\u00e4ter oft bei diesen anzutreffen. Graug\u00e4nse erkennen einander haupts\u00e4chlich am Ruf. Auf gro\u00dfen Rastpl\u00e4tzen herrscht oft die ganze Nacht ein reges Rufen und Treiben, das dem Wiederfinden von Familienmitgliedern dient.<\/p>\n

Es kann unter m\u00e4nnlichen Graug\u00e4nsen zu homosexuellen Beziehungen kommen. Ein Weibchen kann in eine solche gleichgeschlechtliche Partnerschaft einbezogen werden; beide M\u00e4nnchen begatten das Weibchen, ein M\u00e4nnchen ist jedoch stets dominant. W\u00e4hrend der Aufzucht der Jungen bleibt das Trio zusammen. Danach trennt sich das Weibchen von der Gruppe, w\u00e4hrend das m\u00e4nnliche Paar zusammen bleibt.<\/p>\n

Der Nahrungserwerb findet haupts\u00e4chlich weidend an Land statt. Mitunter finden sie ihre Nahrung auch schwimmend, gr\u00fcndeln aber nur sehr selten.<\/p>\n

Graug\u00e4nse leben von Pflanzen, sowohl Land- wie auch Wasserpflanzen, dabei haupts\u00e4chlich von kurzen Gr\u00e4sern und Kr\u00e4utern sowie in geringerem Umfang von Stauden und Wurzeln. Sie sind in der Lage, mit ihrem Schnabel unterirdische Pflanzenteile auszugraben. Im Herbst suchen Graug\u00e4nse bevorzugt Maisstoppelfelder auf, auf denen sie energiereiche K\u00f6rnernahrung finden. Sie \u00e4sen jedoch auch auf Feldern mit Raps und Wintergetreide. Im Fr\u00fchjahr nutzen Sie vor allem Gr\u00fcnland und Fl\u00e4chen mit Wintergetreide zur Nahrungsaufnahme. Im Juli und August sind Graug\u00e4nse h\u00e4ufig auf Getreidestoppelfeldern zu beobachten.<\/p>\n

F\u00fcr die Ern\u00e4hrung ist es wichtig, dass die Fl\u00e4chen, auf denen Graug\u00e4nse Nahrung suchen, niedrig bewachsen sind, um so ihr Sicherheitsbed\u00fcrfnis zu erf\u00fcllen, aber auch weil sie sich nur von kurzem Gras und Kr\u00e4utern ern\u00e4hren k\u00f6nnen. Daf\u00fcr sind nat\u00fcrliche Weidesysteme mit gro\u00dfen Pflanzenfressern (Megaherbivoren) ideal.<\/p>\n

Bestandsentwicklung<\/h2>\n

Von einem Tiefpunkt Anfang der 1970er Jahre, als die europ\u00e4ische Gesamtpopulation etwa 20.000 Tiere umfasste, hat sich der Bestand \u00fcber etwa 170.000 Tiere Mitte der achtziger Jahre auf heute (2003) wohl \u00fcber 250.000 Tiere erh\u00f6ht. Dabei kam es nicht nur zu einer dichteren Besiedelung traditioneller Brutgebiete, sondern auch zu einer deutlichen Ausweitung des Brutareals vor allem in Deutschland und in den Niederlanden.<\/p>\n

Sonstiges<\/h2>\n

Der Nobelpreistr\u00e4ger Konrad Lorenz hat in seinem Buch Hier bin ich \u2013 wo bist du?<\/em>, wie er in seinem Vorwort anmerkt, \u201edie vollst\u00e4ndigste Bearbeitung der Ethologie eines h\u00f6heren Tieres\u201c verfasst, das hei\u00dft: alle bekannten Verhaltensweisen der Graug\u00e4nse genau beschrieben. Auch heute noch wird das Verhalten von Graug\u00e4nsen an der Konrad Lorenz Forschungsstelle erforscht.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Greylag Goose (also spelled Graylag in the United States), Anser anser, is a bird with a wide range in the Old World. It is the type species of the genus Anser. It was in pre-Linnean times known as the Wild Goose („Anser ferus“). This species is the ancestor of domesticated geese in Europe and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1321,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"categories":[],"tags":[],"birdwatching":[],"class_list":["post-1328","bird","type-bird","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGreylag Goose (Anser anser) - Wilde Reise im Donaudelta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wildtravel.ro\/bird\/greylag-goose-anser-anser\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Greylag Goose (Anser anser) - Wilde Reise im Donaudelta\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Greylag Goose (also spelled Graylag in the United States), Anser anser, is a bird with a wide range in the Old World. 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